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Lun nickel rose, of which Lun nickel opened at $21,120 / ton, the highest price to $21,350 / ton before the deadline, 304 stainless steel futures 2307 main rose 150 yuan/ton, the highest price to near 15385. 201 cold rolled stainless steel roll fell, the mainstream base price Xinsuju reported 9,100 yuan/ton, the market reported 9,350 yuan/ton, 201 hot rolled stainless steel plate mainstream base price reported 9,100 yuan/ton. 304 cold rolled stainless steel coil small rise, of which the main price of the Jiujiang steel market is 16,000 yuan/ton, the price of Shandong is 16,000 yuan/ton, and the Mountain Steel is near 15,800 yuan/ton. Xinsuju Resource prices are flat. Hot rolled stainless steel coil market rose, of which Shandong reported 14,750 yuan/ton, Xinsuju spot resources 14,700 yuan/ton, Foshan resources 14,750 yuan/ton. Futures continue to float red, today's opening 300 series to raise the price, 316L stainless steel roll fell, most merchants on the spot market adhere to the price, but the transaction is still in a relatively rigid, flexible adjustment, price fluctuates.

1. Oecd: High inflation will increase global GDP by only 2.7% this year The global economy will recover slowly from the shock of the pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the OECD said, while remaining plagued by persistent inflation and restrictive policies by major central banks seeking to contain inflationary pressures. According to the organization's latest Economic Outlook, global output will grow by 2.7% this year and only marginally by 2.9% in 2024, both below the 3.4% average of the seven years before the pandemic. It is worth mentioning that the recovery in the United States and the eurozone will also be relatively slow, and inflation will be stronger than in 2019. 2. In the first five months, China's export growth rate fell back to the United States and continued to decline Data for the first five months of this year show that trade between China and the United States, the country's third largest trading partner, continued to contract: the total value of bilateral imports and exports in the first five months was 1.89 trillion yuan, down 5.5 percent, accounting for 11.3 percent. Among them, the export to the United States was 1.38 trillion yuan, down 8.5 percent; 508.29 billion yuan of imports from the United States, up 3.9%; Its trade surplus with the US was 870.57 billion yuan, down 14.5%. Compared with the data of the previous four months, the proportion of China's total trade with the United States increased slightly, and the decline in exports expanded while imports continued to grow, which also led to the narrowing of the trade surplus with the United States. Gains in metals were capped by weak U.S. economic data that continued concerns about economic growth. Lun nickel oscillations, the end continued to pull up, overnight up 550 close 21505. Under the influence of nickel, stainless steel pipe futures rose 45 to close at $15,225 / ton, and the current downstream demand is still weak, and under the stimulus of rising prices, there are some replenishment demand releases in the trade link. Yesterday, 304 stainless steel plate with spot directly opened, the offer again at 15000 yuan/ton, spot only rose slightly but reflects the determination of the market spot to stick to 15000 yuan/ton integer mark, but only the rising heart is difficult to support, and returned to the past price after noon. The mainstream price of 304 cold-rolled stainless steel plate market is 14800-15000 base, and the price of 304 hot-rolled stainless steel plate is near 14650-14750 yuan/ton; 201 Cold-rolled j1 stainless steel plate walks near 9150-9250, and hot-rolled stainless steel plate walks at 8800-8900 yuan/ton.

Construction steel: On June 5, the average price of 20mm three-level seismic rebar in 31 major cities in the country was 3808 yuan/ton, up 76 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. In the early trading period, the spiral high operation, the price of domestic construction steel followed the positive rise. From the transaction point of view, because the price rose too fast, downstream users wait-and-see sentiment is strong, the overall trading performance is lukewarm, some businesses dark afternoon shipments. Hot rolled coil: On June 5, the average price of 4.75mm hot rolled coil in 24 major cities in the country was 3884 yuan/ton, up 76 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. The news of the implementation of environmental protection restrictions in Tangshan over the weekend continued to boost the steel market, and steel prices in major markets across the country rose sharply, but seasonal pressure on demand gradually became prominent. Cold-rolled coil: On June 5, the average price of 1.0mm cold coil in 24 major cities in the country was 4455 yuan/ton, up 47 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. On the 5th, black commodity futures fluctuated strongly, and spot prices around the world continued to increase from last week. From the market understanding of the situation, traders operate more optimistic, some of the market general materials are tight, there are reluctant to sell. Carbon steel pipe: this week, hot-dip galvanized steel pipe, galvanized round pipe, galvanized square pipe, welded steel pipe, rectangular pipe, etc. Although the traditional demand in June into the off-season, but the market demand or still have a good performance, the apparent demand for steel or no significant weakening. In particular, the introduction of stimulus policies by the state is expected to increase, the depressed market sentiment has been boosted, the demand for low-price trade speculation has increased, and the low-cost procurement of terminal demand has increased. From the supply side, the recent steel prices have rebounded, ore prices have risen, and the decline in coke prices has slowed down. The loss of steel enterprises has narrowed, the power of steel enterprises to reduce production has weakened, the production line has been reduced in a wide range, the production is expected to weaken, and the overall steel production or performance is stable. The social inventory and total inventory of major varieties will continue to decline. At present, the production line of steel enterprises is not enough to stop production, the actual supply of market resources is difficult to reduce, the steel market supply is greater than the expected concerns continue to exist, the market does not have the conditions for prices to rise sharply, and the space for spot prices to rise will be inhibited.

Today's steel market overall small rise mainly, rising market more than a day. From the variety, it is still galvanized steel pipe slightly stronger than hot coil, hot galvanized steel pipe more than 10-20 yuan, a few markets up to 30 yuan. Although the range is not large, but the market atmosphere is better, the price increase is universal, although the welded steel pipe market increased less, but some markets also have 10-20 yuan. Stainless steel tube, cold rolled plate, galvanized coil is relatively lagging, mainly stable, is expected to have a small increase tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. In addition, Shandong billet spot price rose 50 yuan, with the plate change faster. On the whole, the steel market transaction has improved to a certain extent, whether it is intermediate trading or terminal to take goods, there is a certain increment, some large households with relatively large inventory, still mainly to ship. Spot market shows a few gradually good factors, on the one hand, Shandong and other steel inventory resources, after a lot of early selling has fallen a lot; On the other hand, the purchasing demand for building materials in East China has improved, which has obviously improved since the middle of May. It is still necessary to further observe the subsequent transaction status. In addition, has been bearish cost downward pessimistic expectations, also have a certain improvement Steel mills are also actively raising prices these two days. Today, some steel mills actively raise prices, and even continue to raise 10-20 yuan in the second price adjustment, and some steel mills receive very good orders. But with the rapid rise of raw materials, steel mills fill the raw material action has also accelerated, which also strengthened the short-term raw material decline resistance. Iron ore gains in recent days, may further suppress steel mills profit return. It should be noted that the current market rebound upward repair, and macro and fundamental relationship is not big, funds and sentiment to promote futures to drive spot components. Need to continue to pay attention to the rebound after the change of bearish factors.

[ Macro News ] 1. Fed: Business demand for credit weakens Banks reported tighter credit standards and weaker demand for commercial and industrial loans in the first quarter, the Fed said, continuing a trend that began before recent stress in the banking sector. Data from a Fed survey of credit officers released Monday showed that the percentage of banks tightening lending conditions for large and medium-sized companies rose to 46% from 44.8% in the fourth quarter of 2022. The failure of four regional U.S. banks since March has sparked turmoil in the financial sector and heightened fears that banks will restrict access to credit, potentially tipping the U.S. economy into recession. 2. The rain in South China is still frequent in the near future The State General Office of Prevention, the Department of Emergency Management recently discussed that, at present, the south of China has been fully into the flood, next, heavy rainfall may continue to happen, rivers will continue to rise, flood control situation further tightening. China's National Meteorological Center expects more frequent precipitation in southern China this week. [ Futures express ] The London Stock Exchange will be closed on Monday for the coronation of King Charles III. In the short term stainless steel plate roll deviation shock adjustment mainly. 316 stainless steel coil futures up 50 closed $15525 / ton, 304 stainless steel spot market price atmosphere strong, but the demand has not been significantly better, partial finishing in the short term. [Shandong market] 316L stainless steel futures shocks throughout the day, the spot market performance is strong, no matter how the futures, spot also seems to follow the rise does not follow down, superposition after May Day 304L stainless steel prices are always strong, prompted the downstream short replenishstock, the market appears a better transaction situation.

Lun nickel rose, including Lun nickel opened at $24,685 / ton, the highest price to $24,975 / ton before the deadline, stainless steel tube futures 2305 main rose 190 yuan/ton, the highest price to near 15605. 201 cold rolled stainless steel rose, the mainstream base price resource reported 9400 yuan/ton, Xinsuju steel reported 9500 yuan/ton, hot rolled stainless steel plate mainstream base price reported 9300 yuan/ton. 304 cold rolled stainless steel roll small rise, which Shandong market mainstream price at 16300 yuan/ton, Liaocheng price at 16350 yuan/ton, Xinsuju steel near 16100 yuan/ton. The price of private resources rose, including Tianjin Resources near 15,750 yuan/ton, Jiangsu Resources reported near 15,650 yuan/ton base price. Hot rolled stainless steel plate market rise, which East special 15150 yuan/ton, Chengde spot resources 15150 yuan/ton, Foshan resources 15150 yuan/ton near. On the first trading day after the festival, the futures end temporarily drifted red rhythm, the spot market ushered in a small rise, merchants have a strong willingness to price, continue to ship.

From April 18 to 20, the sixth Xiongan Pipe Fittings and Pump Valve Exhibition and Xiongan Urban Construction and Green Building Expo was held in Xiongan. More than 300 benchmarking enterprises participated in the expo. After years of construction, the Xiongan New Area has entered a new stage of development. As a leading enterprise in the steel pipe industry, at the beginning of the construction of Xiongan New Area, Xinsuju Steel Group has been actively involved in the construction of the new area, providing strong support for the "quality of Xiongan" with green and high-quality steel pipe products, and making continuous contribution to the high-quality development of Xiongan New Area in the new era. In this expo, Xinsuju Steel Group with straight welded pipe, hot galvanized steel pipe, square rectangular steel pipe, hot galvanized square rectangular steel pipe, lined plastic composite steel pipe, coated plastic composite steel pipe, spiral welded pipe, stainless steel pipe, coil buckle scaffold pipe, stainless steel pipe and pipe fittings, pipe fittings and other steel pipe industry products appeared in the expo. With innovative products, excellent product quality and excellent supply chain services to arouse wide attention, praise such as tide, some users reached preliminary cooperation intention on the spot.

Given the key role of copper wire in the development of clean energy technology, demand for copper is expected to grow significantly. Economic and environmental professionals from the International Copper Wire Research Organization spoke about copper's prospects in the energy transition and opportunities in Latin America. Copper is crucial in the production of wind turbines. A megawatt of electricity produced by a wind turbine requires at least five tonnes of copper wire to produce the turbine and connect it to the grid. The second important use is copper foil for lithium-ion batteries. China is adding new aluminum foil capacity, using about 700,000 tons of copper, and XINSUJU STEEL is also starting to enter the market. The surge in demand for copper will begin in the second half of this decade and continue for several years.

Lun nickel fell, including Lun nickel opened at $23755 / ton, the deadline of the highest to $24000 / ton, stainless steel coil futures 2305 main up 125 yuan/ton, the highest to near 14860. 201 cold rolled stainless steel coil profit, the mainstream base price of United Resources reported near 9300 yuan/ton, Shandong zinc plastic moment reported 9350 yuan/ton, hot rolled 201 stainless steel pipe mainstream base price Baosteel reported 9300 yuan/ton. 304 stainless steel coil is weak and stable, including the mainstream price of Jinguang market at 15600 yuan/ton, Shandong price at 16000 yuan/ton, TiSCO reported near 15700 yuan/ton. The price of private resources is weak and stable, among which the zinc plastic moment resource is near the base price of 14,600 yuan/ton. 304L hot rolled stainless steel coil market negotiated price, among which Dongte quoted 14800 yuan/ton, zinc plastic moment spot resources 14700 yuan/ton, Baosteel resources 14700 yuan/ton.

The latest price in Shandong market on March 27, the mainstream trend of smooth operation, including zinc plastic moment steel galvanized sheet volume 1.0*1250*C DX51D+Z price: 5060 yuan/ton, the price is stable; The price of galvanized sheet coil 1.0*1250*C DX51D+Z: 5040 yuan/ton, maintain yesterday's price; The price of zinc plastic moment steel galvanized sheet coil 2.5*1250*C SGH340:4990 yuan/ton, the price is stable; Shandong galvanized sheet coil 3.0*1250*C SGH340 price: 4990 yuan/ton, the price is stable.

Lun nickel fell, including Lun nickel opened at $22,455 / ton, the highest price to $22,455 / ton before the deadline, stainless steel coil futures 2304 main fell 330 yuan/ton, the highest price to near 15370. 201 cold rolled stainless steel pipe yield, the mainstream base price United Resources reported 9300 yuan/ton near, Shandong zinc plastic moment reported 9350 yuan/ton, hot rolled stainless steel pipe mainstream base price Baosteel reported 9300 yuan/ton. 304 stainless steel plate weak stability, including the main market price at 16400 yuan/ton, Shandong price at 16800 yuan/ton, TiSCO reported near 16500 yuan/ton. The price of private resources is weak and stable, among which Yongjin resources near 15,550 yuan/ton, Shandong zinc plastic Moment resources near 15,400 yuan/ton base price. Hot rolling market is weak and stable, including East special reported 15450 yuan/ton, zinc plastic moment steel spot resources 15350 yuan/ton, Shandong resources 15350 yuan/ton near. The date to keep the green, spot market transaction is not ideal, 300 stainless steel pipe every day in the refresh of the low price, even if the business has been out of the preferential price, but buyers are still not willing to start, 200 stainless steel pipe stabilized under the price, but buyers still stable low price.

Lun nickel rose, including Lun nickel opened at $23000 / ton, the deadline of the highest to $23000 / ton, stainless steel futures 2304 main fell 100 yuan/ton, the highest to near 15945. 201 cold rolling weak and stable, the mainstream base price of United Resources reported near 9300 yuan/ton, Shandong zinc plastic Moment Steel reported 9350 yuan/ton, hot rolling mainstream base price Baosteel Desheng reported 9300 yuan/ton. 304 is stable, including the mainstream price in the market at 16750 yuan/ton, Zhangpu price at 17150 yuan/ton, TiSCO reported near 16850 yuan/ton. The price of private resources fell, among which Yongjin resources near 16,000 yuan/ton, Shandong zinc plastic moment steel resources reported 15800 yuan/ton near the base price. Hot rolling market fell, including East special 15950 yuan/ton, Chengde (North Bay new materials) spot resources 15850 yuan/ton, Delong resources 15850 yuan/ton near. Stainless steel futures fell, the spot market rally stopped, the transaction price fell again, the preferential price did not survive, merchants continue to ship mainly, originally thought there would be a wave of gains to ease the pressure on high inventory, but this morning's trading decline, really department is difficult to ease the news in.

Nickel futures rallied, stainless steel futures are also rising [ Futures Express ] London Nickel rose $635 to close at $26,625 a tonne; Stainless steel rose 190 to 16,670 yuan/ton. [Shandong market] 201J1 mainstream report 9600-9700, J2J5 report 9100-9200; 304 cold rolled 16500-16650, hot rolled 16650-16750 or so, phase nickel rebounded up a small margin, stainless steel also rose at the same time, although the recent market transaction is not ideal, but because DL due to various factors may reduce production, for the market follow-up supply and demand may bring about a better direction, Market prices are still in a downward state, merchants continue to ship mainly.

Stainless steel market: futures float red, boosted the depressed trading atmosphere. Lun nickel rose, including Lun nickel opened at $26000 / ton, the deadline of the highest to $26700 / ton, stainless steel futures 2303 main rose 160 yuan/ton, the highest to near 16720. 201 cold rolled small drop, the mainstream base price of United Resources reported near 9550 yuan/ton, zinc plastic moment reported 9600 yuan/ton, hot rolled mainstream base price Baosteel reported 9550 yuan/ton. 304 stable, the main market price of 17700 yuan/ton, Shandong price in 18100 yuan/ton, TiSCO reported 17800 yuan/ton near. Prices of private resources rose slightly, with Tiancheng resources near 16,850 yuan/ton and zinc plastic Moment resources near 16,650 yuan/ton. Hot rolling market is stable, including East special reported 16800 yuan/ton, zinc plastic moment spot resources 16800 yuan/ton, Delong resources 16800 yuan/ton near. Nickel rose, stainless steel is also rising, the spot market has been in the state of Yin fall before, the stimulation of the futures rise has part of the trend of small rise, business transactions temporarily stable, but the price of the transaction to retain preferential space, businesses continue to ship, all parties to pay attention to the night changes, flexible changes.

Futures end has fallen, stainless steel market price Ming solid fall? [ Futures Express ] London Nickel fell, down $980 at $26,470 a tonne; Stainless steel fell 65 to 16,480 yuan/ton. [Shandong market] 201J1 mainstream report around 9700, J2J5 report around 9200; 304 cold rolling 16800, hot rolling 16800-16900, the period continues to general green situation, although the spot market demand to a certain extent, but the price is weak on the whole, part of the merchant transaction price is lower than the price, there is room for negotiation, the market risk aversion has warmed up.

In fact, according to the content of chromium nickel is 304 stainless steel, the composition is containing 18% chromium (Cr), 8% nickel (Ni), but the main difference is the different carbon content. 304L is an ultra-low carbon stainless steel, carbon content reduced to 0.03% or less, can avoid intergranular corrosion, and in theory, the effect of stress corrosion resistance is stronger than 304, but the effect is not obvious in practical application. The purpose of reducing carbon and adding titanium is the same, but the smelting cost of titanium 321 is higher, the steel is thick, and the price is more expensive. H in 304H refers to high temperature, high carbon content is the guarantee of high temperature strength, GB150 requires austenitic steel used in 525 degrees above, carbon content is not less than 0.04%, carbide is a strengthening phase, especially high temperature strength is better than pure austenite. Among the three, the highest carbon content is 304H, the lowest carbon content is 304L, and the carbon content of 304 stainless steel in between the two. The higher the carbon content of stainless steel, the worse the corrosion resistance and rust. Different carbon content also leads to its price will be different, or that word use of different requirements are different.

Stainless steel area market: Slow trading Lun nickel fell, including Lun nickel opened at $27795 / ton, the deadline of the highest to $27900 / ton, stainless steel futures 2303 main fell 5 yuan/ton, the highest to near 16860. 201 cold rolling stable, mainstream base price resources at 9650 yuan/ton, zinc plastic moment at 9700 yuan/ton, hot rolling mainstream base price Rongxing Youfa at 9650 yuan/ton. 304 Stainless steel coil stable, including the market mainstream price at 17700 yuan/ton, Zhangpu price at 18100 yuan/ton, TiSCO reported 17800 yuan/ton near. The price of private resources fell, among which Yongjin resources near 17,000 yuan/ton, resources reported near 16,800 yuan/ton base price. Hot rolling market is stable, among which Dongte reported 16800 yuan/ton, spot resources 16800 yuan/ton, Delong Resources 16800 yuan/ton near. The futures end is still down, in terms of the price of the spot market in recent days, it is said that the steel mill is supporting the price, but the essence of the market does not have a big impact on the business, but some concerns, plus the actual demand can not reach the ideal state, if you want to ship at the original price, the seller is not, only preferential shipment, the seller will have something to look at, In the short term, caution prevails.

304 stainless steel will not be magnetic can not judge the merits and demerits of stainless steel People often think that the magnet absorbs stainless steel, to verify its merits and falseness, does not absorb no magnetic, that is good, genuine; Suckers have magnetic, is considered to be fake fake. In fact, this is an extremely one-sided, impractical and wrong way of identifying. There are many kinds of stainless steel, which can be divided into several categories according to the organizational structure at room temperature: 1, Austenitic body type: such as 304, 321, 316, 310, etc. 2, martensite or ferritin type: such as 430, 420, 410, etc.; The austenitic body is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, and the martensite or ferrite is magnetic. Usually used as decorative tube plate stainless steel most is Austenitic type 304 material, generally speaking, no magnetic or weak magnetic, but because of smelting caused by chemical composition fluctuations or processing state may also appear magnetic, but this can not be considered counterfeit or unqualified, what is the reason? As mentioned above, austenite is non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, while martensite or ferrite is magnetic. Due to improper segregation or heat treatment during smelting, a small amount of martensite or ferrite structure will be caused in austenitic 304 stainless steel. In this way, 304 stainless steel will have a weak magnetic. In addition, 304 stainless steel after cold processing, the structure will also be transformed to martensitic, cold processing deformation, martensitic transformation, the greater the magnetic steel is. Like a batch of steel strip, the production of 76 pipe, no obvious magnetic sensation, production of 9.5 pipe. Because of the larger deformation of flapping bend, the magnetic sensation is more obvious. Because the deformation of the square rectangular tube is larger than that of the round tube, especially the corner part, the deformation is more intense and the magnetism is more obvious. In order to completely eliminate the magnetic properties of 304 steel caused by the above reasons, the magnetic properties can be eliminated by high temperature solution treatment to restore the stable austenite structure. In particular, because of the above reasons caused by the magnetic 304 stainless steel, and other materials of stainless steel, such as 430, carbon steel magnetic is not the same level, that is to say, the magnetic 304 steel always shows weak magnetism. This tells us, if stainless steel with weak magnetism or no magnetism, should be identified as 304 or 316 material; If it is the same as the magnetism of carbon steel, it shows strong magnetism, because it is not 304 material.

Stainless steel seamless pipe is expected to rise in price After the Spring Festival, stainless steel seamless tube market ushered in a big reversal, and the run-up before the festival is very different. At the same time, futures board, a number of varieties in the first trading day after the festival (January 30) set a new high, ushered in a wave of falling prices. Industry insiders said that the recent stainless steel seamless tube market on commodity demand less than expected concerns heating up, investment logic by "strong expectations" switch to "weak reality", expected correction triggered a collective price correction. Follow-up stainless steel seamless pipe price game focus is still the real estate and infrastructure construction between the reality and demand expectations. Since November 2022, futures varieties picked up the ladder, a number of varieties in the first trading day after the Spring Festival hit a new high, and then "picture wind sudden change", ushered in a wave of falling market. Before and after the Spring Festival, the terminal demand is basically stagnant, stainless steel seamless tube spot guidance role significantly weakened, futures plate more dominated by expected factors. Since November 2022, real estate policies have provided conditions for market recovery from the supply side to the demand side. In the positive constantly increasing code, stainless steel seamless pipe downstream consumer demand bottoming out expected to rise, prices from the stage of low rapid rise. However, after the Spring Festival, the focus of the price game changed. After the festival seamless stainless steel pipe supply stable, rapid accumulation of inventory, apparent consumption decline, light spot market trading, steel mills for raw materials to consume inventory, less procurement, so the price fell quickly. Real estate and auto sales data remained weak during the Lunar New Year, while concerns about a weaker-than-expected demand recovery in the stainless steel seamless pipe market rose, and revisions to expectations triggered a correction in prices. In addition, the dollar phase stabilization also on the stainless steel seamless pipe price rise a certain pressure. Stainless steel seamless pipe factory prices fall With the recent decline in the market, steel mill profits continue to lose, some stainless steel seamless tube plant loss even more than 100 yuan. Recent steel losses increase, production enthusiasm to decline. Stainless steel seamless pipe factory in the industrial chain profit distribution lack of discourse power. In addition, the relative strength of iron ore prices continues to squeeze ton-steel margins. From the perspective of supply and demand, with the policy impact of crude steel reduction weakened, demand is still the key to the trend of black series varieties. In the short term, the futures board remains under pressure. In the medium term, due to the overall improvement of the supply and demand environment, stainless steel seamless tube price adjustment is still expected to strengthen, focusing on the peak season demand recovery. The focus of the subsequent black commodity price game is whether the reality and expectations of real estate and infrastructure construction are consistent. As far as the current market is concerned, the upstream and downstream of the black chain usually needs 1 to 2 weeks after the Spring Festival to restore the normal rhythm of operation, and the follow-up needs to focus on the changes in the apparent consumption of stainless steel seamless tube and destocking. Seamless stainless steel prices in February are still expected to support, but rapid pull up the lack of strong momentum, may fall into a wide shock market. From February to April, we need to pay attention to the demand and replenishment performance of black goods. With the resolution of time, market confidence is expected to be restored. With the gradual implementation of the broad credit policy, the dual rise pattern of supply and demand may gradually emerge in the second half of the year, and the interest rate hike cycle of the Federal Reserve is expected to end in the middle of the year, when the price of black commodities may gain a repair rise. On the whole, the annual price or show 'N' type table is present, excess supply and demand is still a constraint on the annual price peak. It is expected that the market supply and demand pattern of stainless steel seamless pipe in 2023 will be relatively balanced, gross profit per ton of steel is expected to improve marginal, steel price operation center will move up on the basis of the shock at the end of last year.

In 2022, the global economy experienced a sharp slowdown amid repeated outbreaks of COVID-19, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the energy crisis and inflation. In advanced economies, the global slowdown has increased the risk of a world recession as inflation continues to rise and the Federal Reserve raises interest rates aggressively. Emerging markets and developing economies also face great pressure in the process of global economic recovery. Most countries have relatively weak epidemic prevention capacity and policy support. The problems such as food and energy supply disruption and energy price rise caused by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine have hit these countries harder. That would cripple the economy. It is worth mentioning that although China's economic growth may slow down to some extent in 2022, with the gradual implementation of the package of policies and follow-up measures to stabilize the economy, China's economic development has begun to show signs of stabilization and recovery, and 2023 is expected to become an important engine to promote global economic recovery. What will happen to global steel demand in 2023? According to the forecast results released recently by the Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, by region: Asia In 2022, Asia's economic growth will face major challenges due to the tightening global financial environment, the Russia-Ukraine conflict and China's economic slowdown. Looking ahead to 2023, Asia is well positioned for global growth, with inflation expected to fall rapidly and growth outpacing that of other regions. The International Monetary Fund forecasts growth of 4.3 per cent in 2023. Comprehensive judgment, 2023 Asian steel demand is about 1.273 billion tons, a year-on-year growth of 0.5%. Europe After the conflict between Ukraine and Ukraine, the global supply chain becomes strained, energy and food prices continue to soar, and the European economy will face great challenges and uncertainties in 2023. Economic activity contraction caused by high inflation pressure, industrial development difficulties caused by energy shortage, rising living costs of residents and severe blow to the investment confidence of enterprises will all become obstacles to the development of European economy. Overall judgment, 2023 European steel demand is about 193 million tons, a year-on-year decline of 1.4%. Cis countries Since the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the two major economies of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the economic development of the CIS countries has suffered serious setbacks. In 2023, the development situation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict is still highly uncertain, and the EU's "de-Russification" and G7 countries' sanctions against Russia will continue. In 2023, considering that Russia's steel demand accounts for about 75% of the total steel demand of the Commonwealth of Independent States, affected by sanctions, Russia machinery, automobiles and other important parts import blocked, the main downstream steel industry demand contraction, or will lead to the Commonwealth of Independent States steel demand further decline. Comprehensive judgment, 2023 CIS countries steel demand is about 50 million tons, a year-on-year decline of 6.1%. North America The International Monetary Fund forecasts that North America will grow by 1.0% in 2023. High interest rate will increase the financing cost of enterprises, not conducive to the development of manufacturing, construction and other steel industries. In addition, new U.S. infrastructure legislation will boost investment in infrastructure and the energy sector, which in turn will boost steel demand. Considering the development of North American economy and construction, manufacturing, automobile, energy and other industries in 2023, it is expected that the steel demand in North America will be about 143 million tons in 2023, with a year-on-year growth of 1.0%. South America In 2023, due to high global inflation, most countries in South America will face great pressure to revive their economies, control inflation and create jobs, and their economic growth will slow down. The International Monetary Fund predicts that South America's economy will grow by 1.6 percent in 2023. Among them, the construction of infrastructure, housing and renewable energy projects, ports, oil and gas projects led by Brazil steel demand is expected to rise, directly driving the recovery of steel demand in South America. Overall, the demand for steel in South America reached 42.44 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 1.9%. Africa In 2022, Africa's economy will grow faster. Under the influence of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the international oil price has risen sharply, and some European countries have shifted their energy demand to Africa, effectively boosting the African economy. The International Monetary Fund forecasts that Africa's economy will grow 3.7 percent in 2023 compared with the same period last year. Steel demand in Africa is expected to reach 41.3 million tons in 2023, up 5.1% year on year, with oil prices remaining high and a large number of infrastructure projects under construction. Middle East Economic recovery in the Middle East in 2023 will depend on international oil prices, quarantine measures, the scope of policies to support growth, and measures to mitigate the economic damage caused by the pandemic. At the same time, geopolitical and other factors will bring uncertainty to the economic development of the Middle East region. The International Monetary Fund forecasts 5 percent growth in the Middle East in 2023. Comprehensive judgment, 2023 steel demand in the Middle East is about 51 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 2%. Oceania Australasia's main steel consumption countries for Australia and New Zealand. In 2022, Australian economic activity gradually recovered and business confidence was boosted. New Zealand's economy has rebounded thanks to a recovery in services and tourism. The International Monetary Fund predicts that in 2023, the economic growth rate of Australia and New Zealand will be 1.9%. Comprehensive forecast, 2023 Oceania steel demand is about 7.1 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 2.9%. From the forecast change of steel demand in major regions of the world: In 2022, influenced by the Russia-Ukraine conflict and economic downturn, steel consumption in Asia, Europe, CIS countries and South America all showed a downward trend. Among them, the CIS countries were the most directly affected by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the economic development of the countries in the region was severely hindered, and the steel consumption decreased by 8.8% year-on-year. North America, Africa, the Middle East, Oceania steel consumption showed a rising trend, year-on-year growth of 0.9%, 2.9%, 2.1%, 4.5%. In 2023, it is expected that the demand for steel in CIS countries and Europe will continue to decline, while the demand for steel in other regions will increase slightly. From the changes of steel demand pattern in various regions: In 2023, Asia's steel demand will still occupy the first place in the world, maintaining at about 71%. Europe and North America will continue to maintain the second and third place in the world in terms of the proportion of steel demand, among which the proportion of European steel demand will decrease by 0.2 percentage points to 10.7%, while the proportion of North America steel demand will increase by 0.3 percentage points to 7.5%. In 2023, the proportion of steel demand in CIS countries will be reduced to 2.8%, the same as the Middle East; African and South American steel demand rose to 2.3% and 2.4%. In summary, according to the analysis of global and regional economic development and steel demand, the global steel demand is expected to reach 1.801 billion tons in 2023, with a year-on-year growth of 0.4%.